Fire compartmentation is a crucial fire safety strategy that involves dividing a building into discrete compartments through the use of fire-resistant walls, floors, and ceilings. These compartments help to contain and limit the spread of fire, smoke, and toxic gases, providing occupants with a safe means of escape and allowing firefighters to control the fire effectively.

Fire compartmentation creates barriers that prevent the spread of fire from one area of the building to another. Each compartment is designed to withstand fire and heat for a specific period, typically measured in minutes or hours, which provides time for evacuation and firefighting.

Fire doors are integral components of fire compartmentation as they serve as a barrier to prevent the spread of fire and smoke between different compartments. When closed, fire doors restrict the passage of heat and flames, offering essential protection to building occupants and property.

A fire-resistant door should be constructed using materials that can withstand high temperatures and prevent fire and smoke penetration for a specified period. It should have a robust frame, self-closing and self-latching mechanisms, intumescent seals, and appropriate fire-rated glass if needed.

Fire doors are tested according to international standards, such as BS EN 1634 and UL 10B/UL 10C. The rating is given in minutes or hours (e.g., FD30, FD60) and indicates the time the door can resist fire and smoke during testing.

Fire doors should be inspected regularly to ensure they remain in proper working condition. It is recommended to conduct inspections at least once every six months, and a more detailed inspection by a competent person should be carried out annually.